Visual Studio로 Windows Form 개발을 하고 나서 다른 PC에서 실행시켜보면 폼에 그려놓았던 컨트롤 레이아웃이 원래 개발했던 PC와 다르게 나타나는 경우가 있다.
필자의 경우는 영문 Windows OS에서 개발한 프로그램이 한글 Windows OS과 레이아웃이 일치하지 않는걸 발견할 수 있었다.
지인이 알려준 바에 의하면 Windows OS 버전, 언어팩, 글꼴 등에 의해서 레이아웃 또는 해상도가 알아서 조정된다고 한다.
자동으로 수정되지 않도록 하기 위해서는 Form 컨트롤 속성 중에서 AutoScaleMode 속성을 None으로 설정해 주면 된다.
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.None;
하지만 AutoScaleMode 속성이 None이 아닌 상황에서 Panel 컨트롤 등이 추가되면 해당 폼의 Designer.cs 에 자동적으로 AutoScaleDimensions 속성이 추가되므로 레이아웃 또는 해상도가 변경되는 것을 막기 위해 이 속성을 삭제해 주어야 한다.
Form1.Designer.cs
AutoScaleMode가 Font인 상황에서 Panel 컨트롤이 추가된 경우
// // panel1 // this.panel1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(53, 79); this.panel1.Name = "panel1"; this.panel1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(200, 100); this.panel1.TabIndex = 0; // // Form1 // this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 13F); this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
위 코드를 아래와 같이 바꿔주면 다른 OS에서도 레이아웃이 변형되는 일 없이 나타날 것이다.
// Form1 //this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 13F); this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.None;
MSDN 참고:
Windows Forms의 자동 배율 조정
ContainerControl.AutoScaleDimensions 속성
AutoScaleMode 열거형
//Enum
public enum CardIssuer { None, VISA, MASTER, AMEX, DINERSCLUB, DISCOVER, JCB, CUP }
//Card Issuer 결정하기
public static CardIssuer GetCardIssuer(string cardNum)
{
if (IsValidVisaCard(cardNum))
return CardIssuer.VISA;
if (IsValidMasterCard(cardNum))
return CardIssuer.MASTER;
if (IsValidDiscoverCard(cardNum))
return CardIssuer.DISCOVER;
if (IsValidAmexCard(cardNum))
return CardIssuer.AMEX;
if (IsValidDinersClubCard(cardNum))
return CardIssuer.DINERSCLUB;
if (IsValidJcbCard(cardNum))
return CardIssuer.JCB;
if (IsValidCupCard(cardNum))
return CardIssuer.CUP;
return CardIssuer.None;
}
public static bool IsValidVisaCard(string cardNum)
{
int cardNumLen = cardNum.Length;
int cardPrefix = Int32.Parse(cardNum.Substring(0, 1));
if (cardPrefix != 4)
return false;
if (cardNumLen != 13 && cardNumLen != 16)
return false;
if (!IsValidCardNumber(cardNum))
return false;
return true;
}
public static bool IsValidMasterCard(string cardNum)
{
int cardNumLen = cardNum.Length;
int cardPrefix = Int32.Parse(cardNum.Substring(0, 2));
if (cardPrefix < 51 || cardPrefix > 55)
return false;
if (cardNumLen != 16)
return false;
if (!IsValidCardNumber(cardNum))
return false;
return true;
}
public static bool IsValidAmexCard(string cardNum)
{
int cardNumLen = cardNum.Length;
int cardPrefix = Int32.Parse(cardNum.Substring(0, 2));
if (cardPrefix != 34 && cardPrefix != 37)
return false;
if (cardNumLen != 15)
return false;
if (!IsValidCardNumber(cardNum))
return false;
return true;
}
public static bool IsValidDinersClubCard(string cardNum)
{
int cardNumLen = cardNum.Length;
int cardPrefix = Int32.Parse(cardNum.Substring(0, 2));
if (cardPrefix != 36)
return false;
if (cardNumLen != 14)
return false;
if (!IsValidCardNumber(cardNum))
return false;
return true;
}
public static bool IsValidDiscoverCard(string cardNum)
{
int cardNumLen = cardNum.Length;
int cardPrefix = Int32.Parse(cardNum.Substring(0, 7));
if (cardPrefix < 6011000 || cardPrefix > 6011090)
if(cardPrefix < 6011200 || cardPrefix > 6011490)
if (cardPrefix < 6011740 || cardPrefix > 6011749)
if (cardPrefix < 6011770 || cardPrefix > 6011790)
if (cardPrefix < 6011860 || cardPrefix > 6011990)
if (cardPrefix < 6500000 || cardPrefix > 6509990)
return false;
if (cardNumLen != 14)
return false;
if (!IsValidCardNumber(cardNum))
return false;
return true;
}
//Global Payments processes JCB as a Private Label card type. Currently, JCB is supported in Private Label 0 or Private Label 1. This value is defined by the merchant's bank.
public static bool IsValidJcbCard(string cardNum)
{
int cardNumLen = cardNum.Length;
int cardPrefix = Int32.Parse(cardNum.Substring(0, 6));
if (cardPrefix < 352800 && cardPrefix > 358999)
return false;
if (cardNumLen != 14)
return false;
if (!IsValidCardNumber(cardNum))
return false;
return true;
}
//CUP(china Union Pay)transactions are processed through an agreement with the Discover Network through Global Payments.
public static bool IsValidCupCard(string cardNum)
{
int cardNumLen = cardNum.Length;
int cardPrefix = Int32.Parse(cardNum.Substring(0, 8));
if (cardPrefix < 62212600 || cardPrefix > 62292599)
return false;
if (cardNumLen != 14)
return false;
if (!IsValidCardNumber(cardNum))
return false;
return true;
}
//Luhn algorithm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm
public static bool IsValidCardNumber(string cardNumber)
{
const string allowed = "0123456789";
int i;
StringBuilder cleanNumber = new StringBuilder();
for (i = 0; i < cardNumber.Length; i++)
{
if (allowed.IndexOf(cardNumber.Substring(i, 1)) >= 0)
cleanNumber.Append(cardNumber.Substring(i, 1));
}
if (cleanNumber.Length < 13 || cleanNumber.Length > 16)
return false;
for (i = cleanNumber.Length + 1; i <= 16; i++)
cleanNumber.Insert(0, "0");
int multiplier, digit, sum, total = 0;
string number = cleanNumber.ToString();
for (i = 1; i <= 16; i++)
{
multiplier = 1 + (i % 2);
digit = int.Parse(number.Substring(i - 1, 1));
sum = digit * multiplier;
if (sum > 9)
sum -= 9;
total += sum;
}
return (total % 10 == 0);
}public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
public void NotifyPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
if (PropertyChanged != null)
{
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace EasyGrid
{
public partial class MainPage : UserControl
{
private Book b1;
private Book b2;
private Book currentBook;
public MainPage()
{
InitializeComponent();
Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(MainPage_Loaded);
}
void MainPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
Change.Click += new RoutedEventHandler(Change_Click);
TestTwoWayBinding.Click += new RoutedEventHandler(TestTwoWayBinding_Click);
// 1. Create an instance of the Book class that implements INotifyPropertyChanged.
b1 = new Book();
// 2. Brush1 is set to be a SolidColorBrush with the value Red.
InitializeBleak(b1);
currentBook = b2 = new Book();
InitializeProgramming(b2);
SetDataSource();
}
void Change_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
if (currentBook == b1)
currentBook = b2;
else
currentBook = b1;
SetDataSource();
}
void SetDataSource()
{
// 3. Set the DataContext of the TextBox MyTextBox.
LayoutRoot.DataContext = currentBook;
//or Using these code line.
//Title.DataContext = currentBook;
//Author.DataContext = currentBook;
//Chapters.DataContext = currentBook;
//MultipleAuthor.DataContext = currentBook;
//QuantityOnHand.DataContext = currentBook;
}
private void InitializeProgramming(Book b)
{
b.Title = "Programming Silverlight";
b.Author = "Jesse Liberty, Tim Heuer";
b.MultipleAuthor = true;
b.QuantityOnHand = 20;
b.Chapters = new List() { "Introduction", "Controls", "Events", "Styles" };
}
private void InitializeBleak(Book b)
{
b.Title = "Bleak House";
b.Author = "Charles Dickens";
b.MultipleAuthor = false;
b.QuantityOnHand = 150;
b.Chapters = new List()
{
"In Chancery",
"In Fashion",
"A Progress",
"Telescoopic Philanthropy",
"A Morning Adventure",
"Quite at Home",
"The Ghosts Walk",
"Covering Sins",
"Signs and Tokens",
"The Law Writer"
};
}
//만약 book class에서 INotifyPropertyChanged를 UI에서 Author는 바로 바뀌지 않는다.
void TestTwoWayBinding_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
currentBook.Author = "Two Way Testing";
}
}
}
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace EasyGrid
{
//INotifyPropertyChanged interface for data binding
public class Book : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
private string bookTitle;
private string bookAuthor;
private int quantityOnHand;
private bool multipleAuthor;
private List myChapters;
// implement the required event for the interface
public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;
public string Title
{
get { return bookTitle; }
set
{
bookTitle = value;
NotifyPropertyChanged("Title");
} // end set
} // end property
public string Author
{
get { return bookAuthor; }
set
{
bookAuthor = value;
NotifyPropertyChanged("Author");
} // end set
}
public List Chapters
{
get { return myChapters; }
set
{
myChapters = value;
NotifyPropertyChanged("Chapters");
}
}
public bool MultipleAuthor
{
get { return multipleAuthor; }
set
{
multipleAuthor = value;
NotifyPropertyChanged("MultipleAuthor");
} // end set
}
public int QuantityOnHand
{
get { return quantityOnHand; }
set
{
quantityOnHand = value;
NotifyPropertyChanged("QuantityOnHand");
} // end set
}
// factoring out the call to the event
public void NotifyPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
{
if (PropertyChanged != null)
{
//이 Line을 주석처리하면 TwoWay Binding에서 속성이 변경되도 즉시 반영되지 않는다.
PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
}
}
}
}
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
namespace EasyGrid
{
public partial class MainPage : UserControl
{
private double newButtonPosition = 100.0;
public MainPage()
{
InitializeComponent();
Loaded += new RoutedEventHandler(MainPage_Loaded);
}
void MainPage_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
Another.Click += new RoutedEventHandler(Another_Click);
rushOrder.Checked += new RoutedEventHandler(rushOrder_Changed);
rushOrder.Unchecked += new RoutedEventHandler(rushOrder_Changed);
}
void rushOrder_Changed(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
if (rushOrder.IsChecked == true)
{
rushOrder.Content = rushOrder.Content.ToString().ToUpper();
}
else
{
rushOrder.Content = rushOrder.Content.ToString().ToLower();
}
}
void Another_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
Button b = new Button();
b.Content = "I Live";
b.SetValue(Canvas.LeftProperty, 10.0);
b.SetValue(Canvas.TopProperty, this.newButtonPosition);
this.newButtonPosition += 30.0;
b.Width = 100;
b.Height = 20;
b.Click += new RoutedEventHandler(new_button_click);
myCanvas.Children.Add(b);
}
void new_button_click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
Button btn = sender as Button;
btn.Content = "Don't do that!";
btn.IsEnabled = false;
}
private void Canvas_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
myButton.Content = "Please Click Me";
}
}
}
private ManualResetEvent suspendChangedEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false); private ManualResetEvent terminateEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);ManualResetEvent Class는 로컬에서 신호를 보내 Event Handle을 할 수 있도록 도와준다.
suspendChangedEvent.WaitOne(0, true);
terminateEvent.WaitOne(0, true);
WaitHandle.WaitAny(new WaitHandle[] { suspendChangedEvent, terminateEvent })
WaitOne method는 해당 변수가 Set 되어있으면 true를 Reset 되어있으면 false를 반환한다.namespace ThreadTest
{
abstract public class SuspendableThread
{
#region Data
private ManualResetEvent suspendChangedEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);
private ManualResetEvent terminateEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);
private long suspended;
private Thread thread;
private System.Threading.ThreadState failsafeThreadState = System.Threading.ThreadState.Unstarted;
#endregion Data
public SuspendableThread() { }
private void ThreadEntry()
{
failsafeThreadState = System.Threading.ThreadState.Stopped;
OnDoWork();
}
//자식클래스에서 구현할 부분 (Thread에서 돌아가는 부분)
protected abstract void OnDoWork();
protected Boolean SuspendIfNeeded()
{
Boolean suspendEventChanged = suspendChangedEvent.WaitOne(0, true);
//suspendChangeEvent가 Set 되어있는 경우 실행
if (suspendEventChanged)
{
Boolean needToSuspend = Interlocked.Read(ref suspended) != 0;
suspendChangedEvent.Reset();
//suspended 가 0이 아닌경우에만 실행
//Suspend method실행시 suspended = 1, Resume method 실행시 suspended = 0
if (needToSuspend)
{
/// Suspending...
/// WaitHandle.WaitAny method:
/// 주어진 매개변수들중 하나라도 신호를 받으면 신호를 받은 매개변수의 인덱스 반환
if (1 == WaitHandle.WaitAny(new WaitHandle[] { suspendChangedEvent, terminateEvent }))
{
//terminateEvent 변수가 신호를 받으면 true 반환
return true;
}
/// suspendChagedEvent 변수가 신호를 받으면 여기부터 실행
/// 이러한 이유로 Suspend method를 실행하면 OnDoWork method의 루프가 한번 더 실행됨
/// ...Waking
}
}
return false;
}
protected bool HasTerminateRequest()
{
//terminateEvent가 Set이 되었으면 true 반환 Set이 안되어있으면 false 반환
return terminateEvent.WaitOne(0, true);
}
public void Start()
{
thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ThreadEntry));
// make sure this thread won't be automaticaly
// terminated by the runtime when the
// application exits
thread.IsBackground = false;
thread.Start();
}
public void Join()
{
if (thread != null)
{
thread.Join();
}
}
public Boolean Join(Int32 milliseconds)
{
if (thread != null)
{
return thread.Join(milliseconds);
}
return true;
}
/// Not supported in .NET Compact Framework
public Boolean Join(TimeSpan timeSpan)
{
if (thread != null)
{
return thread.Join(timeSpan);
}
return true;
}
public void Terminate()
{
terminateEvent.Set();
}
public void TerminateAndWait()
{
terminateEvent.Set();
thread.Join();
}
public void Suspend()
{
//suspended를 1로 바꿔줌
while (1 != Interlocked.Exchange(ref suspended, 1)) { }
suspendChangedEvent.Set();
}
public void Resume()
{
while (0 != Interlocked.Exchange(ref suspended, 0)) { }
suspendChangedEvent.Set();
}
public System.Threading.ThreadState ThreadState
{
get
{
if (null != thread)
{
return thread.ThreadState;
}
return failsafeThreadState;
}
}
}
}
namespace ThreadTest
{
public class SuspendableThreadWork : SuspendableThread
{
public SuspendableThreadWork()
{
}
protected override void OnDoWork()
{
try
{
while (false == HasTerminateRequest())
{
Boolean awokenByTerminate = SuspendIfNeeded();
if (awokenByTerminate)
{
return;
}
// TODO: replace the following to lines
// 코드작성
}
}
finally
{
// TODO: Replace the following line with thread
// exit processing.
// 코드작성
}
}
}
}
namespace WindowsFormsApplication1
{
partial class Form2
{
///
/// Required designer variable.
///
private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null;
///
/// Clean up any resources being used.
///
///
true if managed resources should be disposed; otherwise, false.protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (disposing && (components != null))
{
components.Dispose();
}
base.Dispose(disposing);
}
#region Windows Form Designer generated code
///
/// Required method for Designer support - do not modify
/// the contents of this method with the code editor.
///
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.textBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox();
this.SuspendLayout();
//
// textBox1
//
this.textBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(12, 12);
this.textBox1.Name = "textBox1";
this.textBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 20);
this.textBox1.TabIndex = 3;
this.textBox1.Text = "12 "; //<--이것이 문제라는 말씀!!!
//
// Form2
//
this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 13F);
this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font;
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(124, 50);
this.Controls.Add(this.textBox1);
this.Name = "Form2";
this.Text = "Form2";
this.ResumeLayout(false);
this.PerformLayout();
}
#endregion
private System.Windows.Forms.TextBox textBox1;
}
}
문제의 아래 소스코드를 보자 this.textBox1.Text = "12 ";위에서 눈에보이는
static class Program
{
///
/// The main entry point for the application.
///
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
Application.EnableVisualStyles();
Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
// IView
ProcessForm view = new ProcessForm();
// IService
Service reqText = new Service();
// Presenter (View, Service)
ProcessPresenter presenter = new ProcessPresenter(view, reqText);
// Run
Application.Run((Form)presenter.view);
}
}
public interface IProcessView
{
void NotifyUpdate(string msg);
event EventHandler Process;
}
public partial class ProcessForm : Form, IProcessView
{
public event EventHandler Process;
public ProcessForm()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void processButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
EventHandler handler = this.Process;
if (handler != null) handler(this, new EventArgs());
}
public void NotifyUpdate(string msg)
{
this.labelProcess.Text = msg;
}
}
public class ProcessPresenter
{
public IProcessView view;
public IReq req;
public ProcessPresenter(IProcessView view, IReq req)
{
this.view = view;
this.req = req;
this.view.Process += this.OnProcess;
}
private void OnProcess(object source, EventArgs args)
{
this.view.NotifyUpdate(this.req.ToString());
}
}
<configuration>
<appsettings>
<add key="appConStr" value="server-localhost;uid='sa';pwd='';database=Cars"/>
<add key="timesToSayHello" value="8"/>
</appsettings>
</configuration>
using System;
using System.Configuration;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//방법 1
AppSettingsReader ar = new AppSettingsReader();
//key를 가지고 설정된 value값을 가져온다.
string str = (string)ar.GetValue("appConStr", typeof(string));
int numbOfTimes = (int)ar.GetValue("timesToSayHello", typeof(int));
//방법 2[읽고 쓰기]
//before using this code, Add System.Configuration reference
System.Configuration.Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
//쓰기
config.AppSettings.Settings["appConStr"].Value = "3";
//읽기
string value = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["appConStr"];
config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);
ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");
}
}
}
<configuration>
<runtime>
<assemblybinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
<probing privatepath="MyLibraries;MyLibraries\Tests"/>
</assemblybinding>
</runtime>
</configuration>//custom exception
[Serializable]
public class CarIsDeadException : ApplicationException
{
public CarIsDeadException() { }
public CarIsDeadException(string message)
: base(message) { }
//to handle "inner exceptions"
public CarIsDeadException(string message, System.Exception inner)
: base(message, inner) { }
//to handle the serialization of type.
protected CarIsDeadException(
System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo info,
System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext context)
: base(info, context) { }
}
//using
public class Main
{
public Main()
{
//using basic
try
{
CarIsDeadException ex = new CarIsDeadException("error");
throw ex;
}
catch(CarIsDeadException e)
{
string errorMessage = e.Message;
System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(errorMessage);
//using inner exception
try
{ ... }
catch (Exception e2)
{
throw new CarIsDeadException(e.Message, e2);
}
}
}
}